Method of making candles



March 3, 1942. A. T. CANDY, JRr

METHOD OF MAKING CANDLES Original Filed Jan. 17, 1940 INVENTOR v ATTORNEYS Patented Mar. 3, 1942 METHOD 0F MAKING CANDLES Albert T. candy, Jr., Glen Ellyn, nl., assigner to Candy & Company, Inc., Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois ,Original application January .17, 1940, Serial No.

314,199. vDivided and this application June '28,

1940, serial No. 342,856

s claims. (Cl. liz- 58) My invention relates to a method of making candles, and especially candles such as sanctuary candles which are formed within their own packaging containers in which they are shipped and in which they are subsequently burned in the sanctuary lamps. Inthe exemplary disclosure herein, the candle container, within which the candleis formed, is a glass jar.

The usual method employed for forming candles in their own containers is to pour the wax or other candle body material, while in a molten form, into the container, and allow it to harden therein. If the container` is relatively deep, the pouring has. been done in several stages so that one pouring may solidify before the next pouring,-

In that way the central crater formed by the shrinkage of the candle material upon solidifying is lled by the next pouring. When the last major pouring has solidified, 'a central conical crater is left at the top, which has to be lled by a nal minor pouring. But even that does not provide the usual central knob for the upper end of the candle.

My invention ,is directed especially to a solution of the prbblem of providing the central knob on a candle po red in its open top container.

One solution as been to pour the candle material sothat as its body nally solidifles, it is substantially at across the top, andY then to machine the top of the candle by a rotary cutting operation which turns the upper end down to the desired central knob or dome. This has the disadvantage of an additional manufacturing operation and the deposit of a lm of wax on the inner surface of the container above the top of the nished-candle, which lm has to be removed by a second additional operation.

Another. expedient for forming the knob is to pressure head of the melted material will cause it to i'low upwardly between the lower periphery o the mold and the container, since the container is not Iaccurately round and there must be some clearance to permit ready insertion and renloval of the meid. Also, when the mold is withdrawn, it "'s likely to deposit a lm on addi-A tional areas of the inside of the container above the nisned top, and this additional deposit and film must be removed -y a separate operation.

My solution ta tle problem of forming the top knob is one which is simple and permits the pOuring ofthe candle about a pre-positioned wick, but does not leave a lm on the inside of the container above the top of the finished candle and which, therefore, eliminates the necessity of a nal cleaning operation.

The foregoing, together with further objects, features and advantages of my invention are set forth in the following description of a specic embodiment thereof, as illustrated in -the accompanying drawing, wherein:` j

Fig. 1 is a Vertical diametrical cross-section of` a sanctuary lamp showing my completed candle in its container and how the container is erhployed in the lamp;

Fig. 2 is a diametrical vertical section of the candle and its container duringthe nal pouring operation; and y Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of formed top piece of the candle.

This application is a division of my copending application Serial No. 314,199, filed January 1'7, 1940, on Sanctuary lamps.

In the sanctuary lamp I0 illustrated in Fig, 1, a shell-like base II is closed by a cup I2, which the prereceives the lower end of a cylindrical ruby glass I3. At its. upper end, the rubyglass supports a cap or top piece I4, from which the glass container I5 for the candle I6 is suspended within the ruby glass. v

The lower outer margin of the cap I4 terminates in'an outer skirt I8, which embraces the upper margin of the ruby glass. A setfof four arcuately spaced lugs I9 extend inwardly from the skirt with the bottom shoulders of the lugs spaced a fraction of an inch -above the lower edge of the skirt, thereby forming a seat for reception of the upper edge of the ruby vglass whereby the cap is suspended on the ruby glass.

Aset of long arcuate Ventilating slots 23 are 1formed vertically through the skirt I8 and above the top of ther ruby glass, whereby to ventilate the -air space between the ruby glass and the canldle container I5.

One convolution of an Aexternal `screw thread 25 is molded into the glass container I5 adjacent its upper edge, and below this is an annular bead 25 of similar cross-section.

Each lug I!! carries an inwardly extending screw-engaging projection I9 of minimum feasible size. These projections I9 are progressively olset vertically so that they constitute, in eiect,

la cutaway convolution of an internal screw thread, and in that manner they co-operate with the screw thread of the glass container. Thus, the container isdetacnably secured to the cap I4 by screwing the upper end of the container into the cap,- and the cap thereby suspends the container I5 within, but free of, the ruby glass to leave an annular intervening air space. An

V asbestos gasket 26 may be employed to seal the ply of combustion air and outlet openings 28 for the combustion gases. Y

The candle I6 is formed in the container I5, as distinguished from being preformed and being set into the container. The container I5 serves as a packaging container for the candle. It also serves as a container and support for the candle when the candle is being burned in the lamp.

When one candle is exhausted, the cap is lifted from the ruby glass, which also lifts the old can- Then the old candle container is unscrewed from the cap dle container I5 out of the ruby glass.

and a new one screwed in its place, which is then replaced, using the cap as a handle. Thus, the container I 5 performs the four-fold function of (1) a mold for originally forming the candle,

(2) a packaging container in which the candle is shipped and handled, (3) a support for holding the candle in the lamp while it is burning, and (4) a receptacle in which all incidental debris and all'unconsumedrportions of the oldcandle are retained and by which they can be lifted out of the lamp without the necessity of cleaning the lamp.

While my present invention is concerned chiefly with the rst function of the container I5- forming the mold for the candle-it will be seen that my method also has a bearing on the third function of the container as a'supportfor-the candle while it is burning. If the forming of the candle within the container were by a method which left opaque deposits of candle material' as iilm on the inside of the container above the finished candle, those deposits would interfere with the brightness of th\e initial flame, because the light would have to pass through the opaque dle in the higher sizes. By pouring in successive stages, the crater left in the top of the one pouring by its contraction on solidifying will be filled by the next pouring, and a more satisfactorily solid candle willresult.

The pouring is preferably continued by successive stages until the last major pouring brings the candle body to the height indicated in Fig. 2, leaving acentral crater 33 at the top of the body when the last major pouring solidies.

A preformed top piece 34 is then set on top of the body through the open top of the container. This preformed top piece 34 has previously been molded to provide an upper face contoured to .the desired candle knob- 32, and with a central spew hole 35. The spew hole ls of considera'bly greater diameter than the wick which protrudes through it.

The bottom face of the top piece 34 may be more or, less flat. The top piece 34 is preferably formed of the same material as the rest of the candle body.

The final pouring of molten material is made from a vessel with a pouring spout 36, wh'ereby the stream of molten material is directed into the spew hole 35. In this last pouring, the crater 33 is first lled up to the bottom of the top piece 34 and then continued up through the spew hole until the latter is just filled.

Fig. 2 shows the candle at the completion of the last pouring, but before the last pouring has set.

When this final pouring has solidified, the

' candle (except for the wick and its holder) is a'homogeneous one-piecebody. By this method, there is no occasion for any deposit of candle material on the inside surface of the container I5 above the top margin of the candle, and hence no occasion for an additional cleaning operation.

While I have illustrated and described this specific method of forming the candle, I contemplate that lchanges and substitutions may be made without departing of my invention. f

I claim:

1. The method of forming a sanctuary candle in its own packaging and burning jar, which consists in pouring molten candle material into the jar and permitting it to solidify to build the candle up to a height less than its ultimate height, thereafter inserting through the mouth of the jar a preformed annular centrally spewholed knob piece of candle material and resting than that of the top of the container I5 (or of the top of the gasket, if the gasket be afxedto the container at the factory).

The candle I6 is formed in its container I5 by the following method:

The wick 30 is set centrally of the container A and is supported at its lower end by the stamped holder 3-I, which rests on the bottom of the container. Molten candle material-usually wax or a wax compound-is poured into the container.

lbe excessive and not leave a suciently solid canit upon the previously formed candle body, and

` then pouring molten candle material through the spew hole to ll the space between the previously formed candle body and the preformed knob, and into the spew hole to ll it.

2. The method of forming a sanctuary .candle in its own packaging and burning jar, which consists in pouring molten candle material into the jar and about a central wick and permitting it to harden to build the candle up to a height less from the scope or spirit than its ultimate height, with the upper end of Y the wick protruding therebeyond, thereafter positioning a preformed annular knob piece Aoi! candle material, with a central spew hole within'the jar and above the previously formed candle body, with the wick protruding through the spew hole, and then pouring molten candle material through the spew hole to fill the space between the previously` formed candle body and the preformed knob and into the spew hole, and permitting the latter pouring to harden to bind it, the previt acreage ously formed candle body and the central knob into a unitary homogeneous candle.

3. The method of forming a one-piece candle body which consists in seating a preformed top piece contoured to provide a candle knob of candle material, above a solidified candle body of lesser height than the desired candle, and

pouringrmolten candle material through'a rspew hole in'the knob piece to ll the space between the knob piece and the last-mentioned candle body to unite it, the top piece and the said pouring into a one-piece candle body.

4. In the manufacture of sanctuary candles, the method o f forming a candle knob of candle material on the upper'end of a previously poured and solidified candle body left with a crater in its upper end. which consists in seating upon the top of the candle body a preformed annular centrally' spew-holed knob piece of substantially the diameter of the candle body, and then pouring molten candlematerial through the spew hole to iill the crater space between the candIe'body and the preformed knob Apiece and into the spew hole, and permitting'the said pouring to solidify to unite itself, Uthe candle body, and the knob piece into a homogeneous candle.

' incorporated therein by the nal pouring of molin its own packaging and burning jar, which consists in pouring molten candle materialv into-the Jar in successive stages to permit it to solidify to build up a candle body of less than its ultimate height, placing a spew-holed preformed candle knob piece of candle material over the upper end of the main body, and binding the main body to the knob piece by molten material to unite the main body and knob piece into a homogeneous one-piece candle.

6.`A top piece for a sanctuary candle to be placed upon the body ofthe candle in the course of completion of molding the candle, and to be ten candle material, the top piece being formed of candle material and having a very low peripheral height and a high central height, with its top face contoured as the knob of a candle and provided with a central vertical spew hole of a diameter considerably greater than the diameter of a wick appropriate to a candle ofthe diameter of the top piece, the spew hole being adapted to permit the pouring therethrough of molten candle material to ll any void between a previ- 5. The method of forming a sanctuary candle ously partially completed candle body and -the 'top piece. 

